Erythritol, a commonly used low-calorie sweetener, may significantly impact brain and blood vessel functions. The findings will be presented at the American Physiology Summit 2025, held in Baltimore, organized by the American Physiological Society (APS).
Recent studies show that cells exposed to normal levels of erythritol exhibit increased oxidative stress and a decrease in nitric oxide production, which can affect blood circulation.
This mechanism may explain why previous studies have found correlations between erythritol consumption and increased risks of heart attack or stroke. Although it is promoted as a healthier alternative to sugar, experts warn that further research is needed to fully understand the long-term impact on the vascular system.
Triggering oxidative stress
- Erythritol causes increased oxidative stress in the blood vessel cells of the brain.
Decreased nitric oxide
- The sweetener reduces nitric oxide production, affecting vessel dilation and blood circulation.
Alarming for health
- These results support previous studies indicating a link between erythritol and an increased risk of cardiovascular events.
According to new data, erythritol, often considered a healthy alternative to sugar, may interfere with the vascular function of the brain by decreasing nitric oxide production, an essential substance for the health of blood vessels.
Significant increase in oxidative stress
Erythritol, found in numerous sugar-free products—from energy drinks to protein bars—is valued for its minimal impact on blood glucose and insulin levels. However, previous studies have associated its consumption with an increased risk of strokes and heart attacks.
In the current research, scientists treated endothelial cells taken from small blood vessels in the brain with erythritol. Exposure to an amount equivalent to that in a single drink led to a significant increase in cellular oxidative stress and a decrease in nitric oxide production—a phenomenon that can affect the normal dilation of blood vessels and, consequently, circulation.
